Ukwanda kweeRobhothi zeHumanoid zaseTshayina: Ukuphumelela ukusuka "kwingqondo" ukuya "kumzimba"

Kwindawo entsha yokhuphiswano lwetekhnoloji lwehlabathi, iirobhothi ezinjengomntu ziye zaba yindlela ephambili yokulinganisa amandla etekhnoloji yelizwe. Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kweTshayina kweli candelo kutsale ingqalelo kwihlabathi liphela—ukusuka kwimpumelelo yetekhnoloji ephambili ukuya kulwakhiwo lwetyathanga lemizi-mveliso, ukusuka kwinkxaso yemigaqo-nkqubo ukuya kwizicelo zemarike, iTshayina yakha inkqubo yendalo yeshishini leerobhothi ezinjengomntu ngesantya esimangalisayo.

Ngexesha lodliwano-ndlebe lukaTesla ngengeniso kwikota yokuqala, uMusk wathi: "Kwicandelo leerobhothi ezinjengomntu, iTesla ikwindawo yokuqala, kodwa indawo yesibini ukuya kweyeshumi isenokuba ihlalwa ziinkampani zaseTshayina." Olu vavanyo luqaphela iingenelo zeTshayina ngokubanzi ngelixa lugxininisa imeko-bume yokhuphiswano olutshintshayo.

I. Iingenelo eziphambili:Fukusuka "Ubuchopho" ukuya "kwiiTendons"

Ukuba iimodeli ezinkulu ze-AI zithelekiswa "nobuchopho" beerobhothi, ngoko ke izinto ezisetyenziswa ekudluliseni ngokuchanekileyo "ziimisipha" kunye "nee-tendon" - ezimisela ngokuthe ngqo ukuchaneka, amandla, kunye nokuzinza kweentshukumo zeerobhothi. Phakathi kwezi,izikrufu zebholakwayeizikrufu zerola zeplanethi, njengezinto eziphambili zeii-actuators ezithe ngqo, yenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo wokuguqulaimoto rukutshintsha indlela ohamba ngayo ngokuthe ngqo.

Kangangeminyaka, imakethi yezikrufu echanekileyo kakhulu ibilawulwa ziingxilimbela zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-GSA yaseSwitzerland, i-Ewellix yaseSweden, kunye ne-THK yaseJapan, apho amaxabiso eyunithi enye edlula i-5,000 yuan—eba yingxaki enkulu ethintela ukuthengiswa kweerobhothi ezingabantu. Nangona kunjalo, le meko iyaphulwa ziinkampani zaseTshayina.

I-KGG yaqala ukuphuhlisaisikrufu serola yeplanethiIteknoloji kwiminyaka emihlanu eyadlulayo. Isebenzisa ulwazi lobuchwephesha kwiminyaka engaphezu kweshumi leminyaka ekudluliseni ngokuchanekileyo, iKGG yagqitha imiqobo ephambili yeteknoloji equka ukucubungula izinto ezikhethekileyo kunye neendlela zokusila imisonto.isikrufu serola yeplanethiiimveliso ngoku zifikelele kwimveliso enkulu, kwaye zamkelwe kwiimodyuli ezidibeneyo ziinkampani ezininzi zeerobhothi zasekhaya ezinjengomntu. Njengoko abantu abakwishishini bephawula: "Isikrufu sisebenza njenge-tendon—simisela ukuba iingalo zerobhothi ziyaphakama ngokuthe chu kwaye amanyathelo ayo awela ngokuchanekileyo na."

II.Iingenelo zeTyathanga leMizi-mveliso: Ukusuka kwiNtshukumo enye ukuya kwiNkqubo eCwangcisiweyo

Isikrufu esijikelezayo seplanethiUkuvelisa kubandakanya ubunzima obukhulu, kufuna ubuchule kwizixhobo zesinyithi ezikhethekileyo, imisebenzi yenkqubo evuthiweyo, kunye nezixhobo zomatshini wokusila eziphezulu. Xa kuthelekiswa nezikrufu zebhola zemveli,izikrufu zerola zeplanethiuyilo loqhagamshelwano lomgca wesici, olunika umthamo womthwalo ophindwe kathathu, ubomi obude obuphindwe kalishumi elinesihlanu, kunye nesiqingatha sesithathu somthamo.

Iinkampani zaseTshayina ziyafikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2030, imakethi yehlabathi yezixhobo eziphezuluizikrufu zerola zeplanethiIirobhothi ezisetyenziswa kwiirobhothi ezingabantu zinokufikelela kwi-$5 yeebhiliyoni, iTshayina ibiza malunga ne-$1.2 yeebhiliyoni. Ukuba iTesla ifikelela usukelo lwayo lweeyunithi ze-Optimus zesigidi esi-1, indawo yemarike yezikrufu ehambelanayo iya kufikelela kwi-14 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan.

Kwividiyo yokukhuthaza yeMidlalo yeOlimpiki yasebusika yaseMilan-Cortina ka-2026, irobhothi ye-Unitree efana ne-G1 ihambe ngokwayo iiyure ezili-15 e-Altay kwi--47.4°C, igubungela amanyathelo angaphezu kwe-130,000 kwisiqingatha semitha yekhephu. Le robhothi iqhubeke nokuhamba kakuhle kuyo yonke indawo, ekugqibeleni ilandelela ipateni eqhelekileyo enobude obuziimitha ezili-186 kunye nobubanzi obuziimitha ezili-100—igqibezela umngeni wokuqala wokuhamba ozimeleyo kwihlabathi yirobhothi efana ne-humanoid kwiimeko ezibandayo kakhulu.